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Research at the University

Profiles of BBDC Members involved in diabetes related research (A - L):  

On this page:   A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L View M to Z 

A

Adeli, Khosrow, PhD, FCACB, DABCC, FACB
Professor, Department of Biochemistry; and Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto
Division Head, Clinical Biochemistry, The Hospital For Sick Children

Address: The Hospital for Sick Children
555 University Avenue, Room 3652 Atrium
Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
Web site:
Phone: 416-813-8682      FAX: 416-813-6257
Khosrow.adeli@sickkids.ca 
http://www.sickkids.ca/Research/Adeli-Lab/index.html
Research Interests: Lipid and Lipoprotein Disorders in Insulin Resistant States, Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes; Incretin Regulation of Intestinal Lipid and Lipoprotein Metabolism. Current areas of interest and active research in our laboratory include: Mechanistic studies of the link between diabetes and the increased risk of cardiovascular disease; Mechanisms of metabolic dyslipidemia in insulin resistant states; Regulation of Intestinal Lipid and Lipoprotein Metabolism by Gut Peptides; GLP-1 and GLP-2 signaling in the intesteine; Molecular biology of atherogenic lipoproteins and apolipoprotein B and involvement in the development of atherosclerosis; Mechanistic links between childhood obesity, insulin resistance, and the risk of development of premature atherosclerosis; mechanisms of action of hypolipidemic drugs at the cellular and molecular level.
Publications:

Advani, Andrew, BSc, MBChB(Hons), FRCP(UK), PhD
Assistant Professor/Clinician Scientist, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Toronto
Staff Physician, St. Michael's Hospital

Address: St. Michael's Hospital
61 Queen Street East, Room 6-151
Toronto, Ontario M5C 2T2
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
Web site:
Phone: 416-864-6060 Ext. 8413     FAX: 416-867-3696
advania@smh.toronto.on.ca
http://www.stmichaelshospital.com/research/profile.php?id=advani&
Research Interests: My research interests relate to the molecular pathobiology of diabetic complications and in particular kidney disease in diabetes. Diabetic nephropathy is the commonest cause of kidney failure in Canada. Our laboratory is committed to finding new treatments to slow or even reverse the progression of kidney disease. Our research is truly translational, studying the cellular processes involved in the development of the cardiovascular complications of diabetes and investigating the action of novel therapies both in vitro and in vivo. Through this, we hope to bring new treatments directly from the bench to the bedside. My research is focused on the critical role of high blood pressure in the progression of kidney disease and I am studying new ways to stimulate endothelial regeneration, the repair of the small blood vessels, damaged due to diabetes. Clinically, I have an interest in all aspects of diabetes care especially diabetes complications and diabetes ion young adults. 
Publications:
  • Advani A, Kelly DJ, Cox AJ, White KE, Advani SL, Thai K, Connelly KA, Yuen D, Trogadis J, Herzenberg AM, Kuliszewski MA, Leong-Poi H, Gilbert RE. The (pro)renin receptor: site-specific and functional linkage of the vacuolar H-ATPase. Hypertension 54, 261-269 (2009).
  • Advani A, Gilbert RE, Thai K, Gow RM, Langham RG, Cox AJ, Connelly AJ, Zhang Y, Herzenberg AM, Christensen PK, Pollock CA, Qi W, Tan SM, Parving HH, Kelly DJ. Expression, localization and pathogenetic mechanisms of the thioredoxin systen in diabetic nephropathy. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 20, 730-741 (2009).
  • Advani A, Kelly DJ, Advani SL, Cox AJ, Thai K, Zhang Y, White KE, Gow RM, Marshall SM, Steer BM, Marsden PA, Gilbert RE. Role of VEGF in maintaining renal structure and function under normotensive and hypertensive conditions. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104, 14448-14453 (2007).

Azad, Azar, PhD
Lecturer, Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto
Manager, Banting & Best Diabetes Centre Core Laboratory

Address: Mount Sinai Hospital
600 University Avenue, 6th floor
Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
Phone: 416-586-8545     FAX: 416-586-5950
aazad@mtsinai.on.ca
Research Interests:  
Publications:  

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B

Bazinet, Richard P., PhD
Assistant Professor, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto

Address: FitzGerald Building 150 College St. , Room 306 Toronto , Ontario M5S 3E2
PhoneFAX:
E-mail:
Web site:
Phone: 416-946-8276     FAX: 416-978-5882
richard.bazinet@utoronto.ca
www.utoronto.ca/nutrisci/faculty/Bazinet/
Research Interests: 1)  Regulation of tissue uptake and metabolism/signaling properties of fatty acids, especially within the brain.
2)  Genetic and dietary regulation of plasma fatty acid concentrations.
Publications:  

Belsham, Denise, PhD
Canada Research Chair in Neuroendocrinology, CFI Researcher, University of Toronto
Professor, Departments of Physiology, Medicine, and Obstetrics/Gynecology, University of Toronto
Affiliate Scientist, Division of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network

Address: University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building
1 King's College Circle, Room 3344C
Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
Web sites:
Phone: 416-946-7646     FAX: 416-978-4940
d.belsham@utoronto.ca
http://www.physiology.utoronto.ca/res/list/belsham.htm   http://www.uhnresearch.ca/researchers/profile.php?lookup=428
Research Interests: Obesity is a major global health concern and is a major risk factor for other disorders, including diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease. A complex neuronal system has evolved to maintain energy homeostasis, and also glucose homeostasis. Leptin, ghrelin, glucose, glucagon-like peptides, and insulin are known peripheral signals that act to regulate feeding and energy balance by modulating the expression of neuropeptides in the brain, specifically the hypothalamus. The afferent hormones leptin and insulin have common physiological responses and intracellular signaling mechanisms, but insulin resistance and leptin resistance are major metabolic problems, sometimes leading to type 2 diabetes. We have a strong track record of neuroendocrine research, focussing on molecular and cellular biology using hypothalamic neuronal cell models. Our research program includes studies of the regulation and signalling mechanisms in many of the neuropeptide-expressing neurons involved in energy homeostasis, and the molecular/cellular events leading to leptin/insulin resistance. Importantly, there is also a direct relationship between nutritional status and reproduction, another long-term interest of my laboratory, therefore my research program is poised to utilize all the information gained from our work to provide insight into the complex nature of integrated neuroendocrine control of basic physiology.
Publications:

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Bendeck, Michelle P., PhD
Professor, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto
Career Investigator, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario

Address: Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology
Medical Sciences Building, Room 6213
1 King's College Circle
Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8
Phone:
E-mail:
416-946-7133    
michelle.bendeck@utoronto.ca
Research Interests: The main focus of research in my lab is on atherosclerosis and specifically on interactions between cells and extracellular matrix during vascular remodeling. We are investigating mechanisms of vessel wall thickening and remodeling using experimental models of arterial injury in mouse, rat and rabbit, studying the role of extracellular matrix, cell-surface integrin receptors, the novel discoidin-domain receptors and MMPs in mediating SMC responses.  In collaboration with Dr. Adria Giacca, we are studying the effect of high glucose and insulin on SMC growth and matrix remodeling in atherosclerosis.
Publications:

Bolz, Steffen-Sebastian, MD, PhD
Associate Professor and Associate Chair, Research, Department of Physiology, University of Toronto

Address: Medical Sciences Building, Room 3326
1 King's College Circle
Toronto, ON M5S 1A8
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
Phone: 416-978-7529    FAX: 416-978-4373
sts.bolz@utoronto.ca
Research Interests: My laboratory group recently started two projects that are related to diabetes: 
1) The first project aims to understand the molecular signalling that underlies diabetes-associated microvascular structural and functional changes. Our special focus herein is on the role of microvascular sphingosine-1-phosphate signalling.
2) The second project aims to understand how heart failure affects the signalling network that ultimately controls blood glucose homeostasis. The special focus here is on the effects of TNFalpha on insulin and GLP-1 secretion.
Publications:

Booth, Gillian L., MD, FRCPC
Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism; and
Department of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto

Address: Centre for Research on Inner City Health
Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute
St. Michael's Hospital 
209 Victoria Street
Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
Phone: 416-864-6060 Ext. 77448    FAX: 416-864-3025
boothg@smh.ca
Research Interests: My research focuses on health outcomes and quality of care related to diabetes. Specific interests include: 1) how neighbourhood characteristics (e.g. community design, the food environment) contribute to the prevalence of obesity and diabetes; 2) gender, socioeconomic, and regional differences in diabetes outcomes; 3) health care strategies to improve the quality of diabetes care and 4) the application of geographic analytic tools to health care planning. Much of this work is done using linkage of large secondary databases including provincial administrative health care data, population-based surveys and census, retail and other environmental data sources. Students and research fellows use epidemiological and health services research methods to study diabetes and its outcomes at a population-level.
Publications:
  • Porepa L, Ray JG, Sanchez-Romeu P, Booth GL. Newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus and serious liver disease in adults. CMAJ 2010;182:E526 - E531.
  • Creatore MI, Moineddin R, Booth GL, Manuel D, Desmeules M, McDermott S, Ruddick E, Glazier RH. Prevalence of diabetes among immigrants to Canada. CMAJ 2010;182:781 - 789; doi:10.1503/cmaj.091551.
  • Lipscombe LL, Shah BR, Hux JE, Austin P, Booth GL. The Impact of Income on Mortality among Persons with Diabetes: Is the Gap Widening? CMAJ 2010 182: E1 - E17;doi:10.1503/cmaj.090495.

Brubaker, Patricia L., PhD
Professor, Departments of Physiology and Medicine;
Staff Scientist, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of Toronto

Address: University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle
Medical Sciences Building, Room 3366
Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
Web site:
Phone: 416-978-2593     FAX: 416-978-2593
p.brubaker@utoronto.ca
http://www.physiology.utoronto.ca/res/list/brubaker.htm
Research Interests:

The major interests of the Brubaker laboratory relate to the synthesis, secretion and biological activities of gut hormones and, in particular, the intestinal glucagon-like peptides, GLP-1 and GLP-2. These hormones play important roles in the regulation insulin and glucagon secretion, beta cell proliferation, intestinal growth and function, and food intake. GLP-1 mimetics have recently been approved for the treatment of patients with Type 2 diabetes, while phase III clinical trials have recently been completed for the use of GLP-2 in the treatment of patients with intestinal insufficiency. Some of the areas that are currently under investigation in the lab include:

1) Regulation of GLP-1 and GLP-2 synthesis and secretion by the intestine, with particular focus on dietary nutrients and intracellular signalling pathways; and
2) Mechanisms of action of GLP-1 and GLP-2 to stimulate beta cell and intestinal growth, respectively, with a major emphasis on the roles of novel intra- and extracellular mediators of these effects, as well as possible carcinogenic effects.

Students and fellows utilize a wide-variety of approaches to investigate the physiology and pathophysiology of the glucagon-like peptides, including normal and genetically-modified animals, cell culture and imaging approaches, in combination with tissue and cellular analyses at the mRNA and protein level

Publications:

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C

Carlen, Peter, MD, FRCPC
Professor, Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of Toronto
Professor, Departments of Physiology, and IBBME, University of Toronto

Address: Toronto Western Research Institute
399 Bathurst St., Room 12-413
Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
Phone: 416-603-5017    FAX: 416-603-5768
carlen@uhnresearch.ca
Research Interests: Main interests are mechanisms of neural synchrony and entrainment (epilepsy), hypoglycemic seizures, and neurodegenerative processes.
a) We have several projects on cellular mechanisms and local system dynamics of epilepsy, particularly the biophysics of the transition to seizure, and the role of electrotonic coupling via gap junctions. Molecular biological and cellular electrophysiological techniques are being used to measure the upregulation of gap junctions in several in vitro and in vivo seizure models.
b) Hypoglycemic seizures are a major problem in juveniles with diabetes. We are studying the pathophysiology of hypoglycaemic seizures in juvenile animals both in vitro and in vivo, noting that the most severe seizures seem to be associated with mainly subcortical seizure-like EEG activity, which could also be related to the ‘dead in bed’ or sudden unexplained death sometimes noted with juvenile hypoglycemic events. Also we are examining the pathophysiology of neuronal injury which is enhanced by glucose reperfusion. Glucose reperfusion is also associated with a significant upregulation of gap junctional expression, the significance of which remains to be elucidated. However is is known that provision of nutrients to neurons requires intact astrocytic gap junctional communication.
Publications:

Cherney, David, MD, PhD, FRCPC
Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Toronto
Clinician Scientist, University Health Network

Address: University Health Network
585 University Ave, 8N-845
Toronto
, Ontario  M5G 2N2
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
416-340-4151     FAX: 416-340-4999
david.cherney@uhn.ca
Research Interests: Current research interests in type 1 diabetes mellitus include the physiology of renal hyperfiltration in diabetic nephropathy, cardiorenal interactions and endothelial function, the effect of pharmaceutical agents on the urinary proteome, and functional gene polymorphisms in humans.
Publications:
  • Cherney DZI, Scholey JW, Sochett EB, Bradley TJ, Reich HN. The acute effect of clamped hyperglycemia on the urinary excretion of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines in uncomplicated type 1 DM: a pilot study. Diabetes Care;34(1):177-180, 2011
  • Cherney DZI, Sochett EB, Dekker MG, Perkins BA. Ability of Cystatin C to Detect Acute Changes in Glomerular Filtration Rate Provoked by Hyperglycemia In Uncomplicated Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetic Medicine;27(12):1358-1365, 2010
  • Cherney DZI, Lai V, Dekker MG, Slorach C, Sochett EB, Scholey JW, Bradley TJ.  The Effect of Renal Filtration Status on Arterial Stiffness in Humans with Uncomplicated Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.  Diabetes Care;33:2068-2070, 2010

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Colton, Patricia, MD
Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto

Address: Toronto General Hospital
200 Elizabeth St., 7 Eaton South Rm. 409
Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
416-340-3477     FAX: 416-340-3430
patricia.colton@uhn.on.ca
Research Interests: I am engaged in research related to psychosocial adjustment to diabetes, particularly risk for eating disorders and depression. I collaborate with Dr. Denis Daneman at Hospital for Sick Children, and we are conducting a longitudinal study of eating disturbances, depression, psychosocial functioning and medical status in girls and women with type 1 diabetes.
Publications:  

Connelly, Philip W., PhD
Associate Professor, Department of Medicine; and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto
Scientist, Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital

Address: Room 5-029, Shuter Wing
30 Bond Street
Toronto, ON  M5B 1W8
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
Web site:
416-864-6023     FAX: 416-864-5870
connellyp@smh.ca    
St. Michael's Hospital web site profile
Research Interests: The research interests of the laboratory are in the study of patients at risk for Type 2 Diabetes or at risk for the complications of diabetes and identifying serum biomarkers that will predict patient outcomes.  The most recent focus has been on the adipokine adiponectin and on the enzyme paraoxonase-1 (PON1).  Adiponectin is an insulin-sensitizing protein produced by adipocytes.  PON1 is an anti-inflammatory component of high density lipoproteins.  We have studied these factors in four patient groups: 1) The Sandy Lake Oji-Cree; 2) women at risk for post-gestational diabetes; 3) patients with renal failure on dialysis; and 4) renal transplant recipients.
Publications:

Cummins, Carolyn L., PhD
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto

Address: 144 College Street, Room 1101
Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
Web site:
416-946-3466     FAX: 416-978-8511
Carolyn.Cummins@utoronto.ca   
http://phm.utoronto.ca/~cummins/
Research Interests: Several members of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily have been implicated in protecting against diseases associated with the metabolic syndrome. For example, from data obtained using animal models, it appears the liver X receptors (LXRα and LXRβ) are protective against atherosclerosis, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. The current focus of the Cummins lab is on the study of these nuclear hormone receptors and their roles in regulating glucose metabolism. Recently, we have shown that LXR is involved in the regulation of cholesterol conversion to glucocorticoids in the adrenal gland and are investigating the influence of this finding on glucose metabolism and the onset of type 2 diabetes. We are also exploring the link between LXR and the deposition of cholesterol in the glomeruli of the kidney in diabetic nephropathy.
Publications:

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D

Danska, Jayne
Professor, Department of Immunology; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto
Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children

Address: MaRS, East Tower
101 College Street, Room 14-313
Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
Web site:
416-813-8810     FAX: 416-813-8823
jayne.danska@sickkids.ca  
http://www.sickkids.ca/Research/Danska-lab/index.html
Research Interests: The objective of our research program is to define the genetic and environmental factors driving autoimmune mediated targeting of islet cells and to use this information to design and test therapeutics that prevent, block progression of or reverse type 1 diabetes. We have taken a multidisciplinary approach to genetic, genomic and immunological analysis of T1D risk in a well-validated mouse models, focusing on dissection of the complex genetics to provide insight into human T1D pathogenesis. We have extended these studies of the role of sex and of intestinal commensal bacteria on modifying genetic risk, and application of discoveries in rodent models to large, prospective cohort study of environmental determinants of T1D in genetically at risk children.
Publications:

De Melo, Margaret, BSc, RD, CDE
Professional Practice Leader-Clinical Nutrition, Allied Health
University Health Network

Address: Toronto Western Hospital
399 Bathurst Street, 1WW-443
Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
416-603-5800 Ext. 5973     FAX: 416-603-5210
margaret.demelo@uhn.on.ca
Research Interests: I am interested in research that focuses on diabetes self-care management (DSM).  As part of interprofessional research teams, I have studied the effectiveness of DSM education programs, utilization and attrition such programs, food insecurity in Canadians with diabetes, and gender differences, psychosocial and clinical factors that help us better understand and serve those affected by diabetes.
Publications:
  • Gucciardi E, Vogt J, De Melo M, Stewart D.  An exploration of the relationship between household food insecurity and diabetes mellitus in Canada. Diabetes Care (2009) 32 (12) 2218-2224.
  • Gucciardi*, M. DeMelo, G. Booth, G. Tomlinson and D. E. Stewart.  Education and psychological aspects Individual and contextual factors associated with follow-up use of diabetes self-management education programmes: a multisite prospective analysis. Diabetic Medicine. (2009) 26: 510–517

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Dhe-Paganon, Sirano, PhD
Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, University of Toronto
Principal Investigator, Structural Genomics Consortium

Address: MaRS Research Center
South Tower, Suite 700
101 College Street
Toronto
, Ontario M5G 1L7
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
Web site:
416-946-3876     FAX: 416-946-0588
sirano.dhepaganon@utoronto.ca
Lab web site
Research Interests: We are using genomic enzymology to fill a gap between the science of proteins implicated in diabetes and the development of therapeutic molecules for use in the clinic. By understanding how proteins function at a molecular level, we provide insights into novel strategies for drug discovery and development. Studying paralogous targets allows us to tackle the issues of biological specificity and facilitate the development of potent therapeutics. Particularly, we are studying the ubiquitylation system, an emerging field implicated in metabolic diseases.
Publications:

Drucker, Daniel J., MD, FRCPC
Professor, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of Toronto
Senior Scientist, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital

Address: Mount Sinai Hospital, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute
600 University Ave., TCP5-1004
Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X5
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
Web sites:
416-361-2661     FAX: 416-361-2669
drucker@lunenfeld.ca
www.glucagon.com and  www.mythyroid.com
Research Interests: Research in the Drucker lab is focused on understanding the biology of gut hormones, with a major focus on GIP and the glucagon-like peptides. The lab studies how glucagon, GLP-1, and GLP-2 regulate energy homeostasis, metabolic control, and cardiovascular function via effects on the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, cardiovascular system and central nervous system. Specific projects include physiological analyses of GIP, GLP-1, GLP-2 action, and elucidation of the functional control of glucagon, GIP, GLP-1 and GLP-2 action through studies of their respective receptors in peripheral tissues. Students and research fellows utilize a combination of techniques that involve studies of signal transduction, generation of transgenic or knockout mice, and studies of rodent models of glucagon-like peptide action with a focus on diabetes, obesity, endocrine systems, and intestinal disease.
Publications:

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E

El-Sohemy, Ahmed, PhD
Associate Professor and Canada Research Chair in Nutrigenomics
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto

Address: 150 College Street, Room 350
Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E2
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
416-946-5776    FAX: 416-978-5882
a.el.sohemy@utoronto.ca
Research Interests: The overall goal of my research program in nutrigenomics is to elucidate the genetic basis for variability in dietary response on cardiometabolic disease. We are also interested in identifying the genetic determinants of and dietary preferences and eating behaviours as they relate to obesity and type 2 diabetes. Our research program employs metabolomics, proteomics and genomics to study the effects of diet on human health. This approach will help us to understand how genetic and dietary factors interact to regulate various metabolic and biochemical pathways involved in the development of chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes. We are currently investigating the role of genetic polymorphisms affecting innate immunity and inflammation on components of the metabolic syndrome. Other research projects focus on identifying the genes influencing sugar and carbohydrate consumption in lean and obese individuals.
Publications:

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F

Fantus, I. George, MD, FRCPC
Professor, Department of Medicine; and Department of Physiology, University of Toronto

Address: Mount Sinai Hospital
60 Murray Street
Lebovic Building, 5th Floor, Room 5028
Toronto, Ontario M5T 3L9
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
416-586-8665     FAX: 416-361-2657
gfantus@mtsinai.on.ca
Research Interests: The major research focus of our lab is to define the mechanisms of insulin resistance at the cellular and molecular level.  The goal is to develop new approaches to treatment and prevention of insulin resistance.  Studies in insulin target tissues, adipocytes and muscle cells, rendered insulin resistant by metabolites, e.g. glucose and free fatty acids; cytokines, e.g TNF-a; and hormones, e.g. insulin and angiotension, are carried out to determine changes in enzyme activation, in protein-protein interactions and glucose transporter translocation. The lab is also conducting research to define the abnormalities of cell signaling caused by exposure to high glucose.  The goal here is to define the pathogenetic changes contributing to diabetic nephropathy. Studies in mesangial cells and in diabetic rodent models are addressing novel mechanisms by which alterations in the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway, oxidative stress, and cell signaling cause high glucose-mediated changes which trigger diabetic nephropathy. 
Publications:

Farkouh, Michael E., MD, FRCPC, FACC, FAHA
Director, Clinical Trials, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network
Director, Cardiology Research, Division of Cardiology, University of Toronto
Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto
Scientist, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital

Address: Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network
585 University Avenue, Room 4N474
Toronto, Ontario M5G 2N2
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
416-340-3141   FAX: 416-340-3398 
Michael.farkouh@uhn.ca
Research Interests: Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Disease: The main focus is the evaluation of diabetic patients with coronary artery disease, acute coronary syndromes and heart failure.  We have examined the role of advanced multi-modal imaging in developing novel compounds to treat atherosclerosis in diabetic patients. I have conducted large-scale clinical trials such as the FREEDOM Trial which evaluated the optimal strategy required for the management of coronary artery disease. Our goal for the future is to develop a collaborative coordinating center to address the important clinical questions revolving around diabetes and heart disease.
Publications:

Feig, Denice S., MD, MSc, FRCPC
Associate Professor, Departments of Medicine, Obstetrics & Gynecology, Health Policy, Management and Evaluation; Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of Toronto

Address: Mount Sinai Hospital
60 Murray St.,  Room 5027
Toronto, Ontario, M5T 3L9
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
Phone: 416-586-8590     FAX: 416-361-2657
dfeig@mtsinai.on.ca
Research Interests: Main research interest is in the area of diabetes in pregnancy.  We are currently conducting a multi-centre randomized controlled trial of metformin use in women with type 2 diabetes in pregnancy (MiTy trial).  I am also involved in studies looking at the placental transfer of diabetes drugs in pregnancy, the transfer of diabetes drugs into breast milk, and administrative databases looking at women with diabetes in pregnancy in Ontario.
Publications:

Floras, John S., MD, DPhil, FRCPC, FACC, FAHA, FESC
Professor, Department of Medicine, University Health Network and Mount Sinai Hospital Division of Cardiology (Divisional Research Director), University of Toronto
Canada Research Chair in Integrative Cardiovascular Biology
Chair, Board of Trustees, Banting Research Foundation

Address: Mount Sinai Hospital
600 University Avenue, Suite 1614
Toronto, ON  M5G 1X5
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
416-586-8704    FAX: 416-586-8702
john.floras@utoronto.ca
Research Interests: The general theme of the Floras Clinical Cardiovascular Physiology Laboratory has been the elucidation of mechanisms responsible for initiation and progression of cardiovascular and related diseases in humans, through interdisciplinary patient oriented research.  Neural and intrinsic cardiovascular regulation is studied using: microneurographic recordings of sympathetic nerve discharge directed at resistance vessels, tracer kinetic methods to estimate total body norepinephrine spillover, spectral analysis of heart rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity for heart rate, plethysmographic methods for assessing blood flow, and ultrasonic methods for quantifying endothelium dependent and independent vasodilatation.  These methods have been applied to research questions concerning normal health and aging, and to conditions such as heart failure, sleep apnea, hypertension, renal failure, pulmonary hypertension, diabetes (in collaboration with Drs. Zinman, Millar and Meneilly), menopause and cirrhosis.
Publications:

Fu, Lei, PhD, DABCC, FACB, FCACB
Assistant Professor, Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto
Clinical Biochemist, Department of Clinical Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre

Address: Department of Clinical Pathology
Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre
Room B204, 2075 Bayview Avenue
Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
416-480-6100 Ext. 89571     FAX: 416-480-6035
lei.fu@sunnybrook.ca
Research Interests: To study the molecular relationship between vitamin D endocrine system and diabetes.
Publications:  

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G

Gaisano, Herbert Y., MD, FRCPC, FACP
Professor, Departments of Medicine and Physiology, University of Toronto

Address: University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building
1 King's College Circle, Rooms 7358 and 7368
Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8
Phone • Fax:
E-mail:
416-978-1526   •  Fax: 416-978-8765
herbert.gaisano@utoronto.ca
Research Interests: Research in the Gaisano lab is focused on molecular mechanisms regulating exocytosis, employing islet cells as models. We were first to demonstrate that SNARE proteins originally found to mediate neurotransmitter release are conserved in non-neuronal cells to regulate secretion. We contributed much of the original work showing how SNARE proteins physically and functionally interact with beta-cell ion channels (Kv, KATP, Ca2+) to regulate the intricate sequence of ion fluxes, membrane potential and exocytotic fusion events leading to secretion. Current efforts are directed at: 1) SNARE proteins regulation of compound insulin exocytosis; 2) insulin granule priming and tethering; 3) islet alpha cell secretory mechanisms and crosstalk with beta-cells in health and diabetes; and 4) SNARE interactions with KATP and Kv channels in beta-cells and cardiac myocytes. This lab has in place full spectrum of functional assays for islet cells, including islet perifusion assays and single cell analyses (patch clamp electrophysiology, capacitance measurements, imaging of single granule exocytosis by TIRFM & multi-photon microscopy). This lab also has full capabilities to perform assays for in vivo glucose homeostasis (glucose clamps), islet cell biology (islet isolation, examining intact islets within pancreatic slices, E.M.), biochemistry (immunoprecipitation, FRET analysis), molecular biology and gene transfer (adenovirus construction).
Publications:
  • Kang Y, Zhang Y, Liang T, Leung YM, Ng B, Xie H, Chang N, Chan J, Shyng SL, Tsushima R, Gaisano HY. ATP modulates interaction of syntaxin-1A with sulfonylurea receptor 1 to regulate pancreatic beta-cell KATP channels. J Biol Chem. 2010 Dec 20.
  • Chao CC, Mihic A, Tsushima RG, Gaisano HY. SNARE protein regulation of cardiac potassium channels and atrial natriuretic factor secretion. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2010 Nov 30.
  • Huang YC, Rupnik M, Gaisano HY. Unperturbed islet alpha-cell function examined in mouse pancreas tissue slices. J Physiol. 2011 Jan 15;589(Pt 2):395-408.

Ganguli, Rohan, MD, FRCPC
Professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto
Canada Research Chair in Chronic Disease Management
Executive Vice President, Clinical Programs, Center for Addiction and Mental Health

Address: Center for Addiction and Mental Health
1001 Queen Street West
Toronto
, Ontario M6J 1H4
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
416-535-8501 Ext. 2102     FAX: -
Rohan_Ganguli@camh.net
Research Interests: I moved to Toronto from the University of Pittsburgh.  My research program focuses on the development and testing of interventions aimed at reducing the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease in populations of people suffering form serious mental illness. While in Pittsburgh, I was a member of the NIN-funded Pittsburgh Obesity and Nutrition Center.  I have recently obtained a grant from the Public Health Agency of Canada for a study entitled “Enhancing self management skills for persons with diabetes and serious mental illness”.  My goal is to expand my research efforts in improving diabetes management for individuals with serious mental illness, and to network with other diabetes investigators, in Toronto.
Publications:

Giacca, Adria
Professor, Department of Physiology and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto

Address: University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building
1 King's College Circle, Room 3336
Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
Web site:
416-978-0167     FAX: 416-978-4373
adria.giacca@utoronto.ca 
http://www.physiology.utoronto.ca/res/list/giacca.htm
Research Interests: The primary theme of A.G.'s research is the investigation of the effects of excess circulating energy substrates, in particular free fatty acids, on insulin action, secretion and kinetics, and the implication of these effects for the pathogenesis of diabetes. Secondary themes of research are the studies of the effects of nutrient and insulin excess on : i) the proliferation of normal and tumorous colonic epithelial cells; ii) vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation in vivo.
Publications:

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Gilbert, Richard E., MD, PhD, FRCPC
Professor, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto
Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, St. Michael's Hospital
Canada Research Chair in Diabetes Complications

Address: Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute
St. Michael's Hospital
209 Victoria Street, Room 5-08
Toronto, Ontario Canada M5B 1C6
Phone:
E-mail:
Web site:
416-867-3747     
richard.gilbert@utoronto.ca
http://www.stmichaelshospital.com/research
Research Interests: Research in the Gilbert lab focuses on the pathogenesis of diabetes complications as a way to evolve new therapies to prevent their development and attenuate their progression. Current projects utilise animal models of diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy and heart failure, exploring novel epigenetic pharmacological treatments and the use of adult stem cells to regenerate diseased tissue.
Publications:

Glazier, Rick, MD, MPH, FCFP
Professor, Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto
Senior Scientist, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences
Scientist, Centre for Research on Inner City Health, St. Michael’s Hospital

Address: Centre for Research on Inner City Health
St. Michael’s Hospital
30 Bond Street
Toronto, ON M5B 1W8
Phone:
E-mail:
416-864-6060 Ext. 77444
glazierr@smh.ca
Research Interests:
  1. Diabetes in primary care – processes of care, impact of incentives, health disparities
  2. Risk factors for diabetes, especially socioeconomic status, ethnoracial background and immigration, neighbourhood walkability
Publications:

Glogauer, Michael, DDS, PHD
Associate Professor, Faculty of Dentistry; Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto
Appointments: Hospital For Sick Children, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, and Toronto Rehab

Address: Room 221, Fitzgerald Building
150 College Street
Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E2
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
Web site:
416-978-0163    FAX: 416-978-5956
michael.glogauer@utoronto.ca
http://matrixdynamics.ca
Research Interests: Impact of diabetes on innate immunity and neutrophil functions. Impact of diabetes on oral health and periodontal diseases. Impact of diabetes on osteoimmunology.
Publications:  

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Greenwood, Carol E., PhD
Professor, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto

Address: Baycrest Centre
3560 Bathurst Street
Toronto, Ontario M6A 2E1
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
416-978-4261     FAX: 416-978-5882
carol.greenwood@utoronto.ca
www.utoronto.ca/nutrisci/ and www.baycrest.org
Research Interests: Research in the Greenwood lab is focused on understanding the effect of diet and metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes, on the retention or loss of cognitive function with aging. Our studies, in both humans and animal models, show that the consumption of diets which promote obesity and type 2 diabetes are associated with more rapid decline in cognitive function.  By contrast, consumption of healthy diets associates with retention of cognitive function.  Our current interest lies in understanding the adverse brain effects of type 2 diabetes.  These studies draw on functional magnetic resonance imaging as a means of determining underlying neuronal pathways and neuronal responses which are impacted.
Publications:

Grynpas, Marc, PhD
Professor, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto
Director, Bone and Mineral Group, University of Toronto

Address: Mount Sinai Hospital
600 University Avenue, Suite 840
Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X5
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
Web Site:
416-586-4800 Ext:4464     FAX: 416-586-1554
Grynpas@lunenfeld.ca 
www.mshri.on.ca/grynpas/default.asp
Research Interests: Our research focuses on the effects of diabetes on the skeletal system using pre-clinical models. Examples of our research includes:
  1. Effect of Vanadium Treatment on Bone Loss and Bone Quality in Rat Models of Diabetes. Vanadium compounds have been shown to be effective in experimental diabetes and insulin-resistant hypertension. However, these agents are known to accumulate in bone mineral where vanadate substitutes for phosphate. It is therefore essential to understand the long-term effects on these compounds on bone quality. (Facchini DM, Yuen VG, Battell ML, McNeill JH, Grynpas MD. The effects of vanadium treatment on bone in diabetic and non-diabetic rats. Bone. 2006; 38(3):368-77)
  2. The effect of Rosiglitazone treatment on bone quality in rat models of type 2 diabetes and osteoporosis. Rosiglitazone (RSG) is an insulin-sensitizing drug used to treat patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) to improve glycemic control. The ADOPT clinical trial showed that women taking RSG experienced more fractures. The purpose of our study is to understand the mechanism by which RSG induces limb fracture and alters bone quality in the insulin resistant Zucker Fatty rat.
  3. Comparison of the skeletal effects in the treatment of type2 diabetes with Sitagliptin (a DPP4 inhibitor) or Pioglitazone (a PPRgamma agonist) in mice fed a high fat diet.
Publications: Kyle KA, Willett TL, Baggio LL, Drucker DJ, Grynpas MD. (2010) Differential effects of PPAR-gamma activation vs chemical or genetic reduction of DPP-4 activity on bone quality in mice. J of Endocrinology Feb, 2011 Vol.152, No.2  457-467

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Halperin, Mitchell, MD, FRCPC, FRS,
MD Honoris Causa, Univ. Montreal and Univ. d’Auvergne, France
Emeritus Professor, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto
Attending staff, Nephrology, St. Michael’s Hospital
Investigator Research Division, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital

Address: St. Michael’s Hospital
30 Bond Street, Room 408 LSKI
Toronto ON  M5B1A8
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
Phone: 416-864-5292   FAX: 1-888-325-9302
Mitchell.halperin@utoronto.ca
Research Interests: I am interested in seeking the causes of cerebral edema in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and the role of stomach emptying as an occult risk factor.
Publications:
  • Davids MR, Chikte UM, Halperin ML. Development and evaluation of a multimedia e-learning resource for electrolyte and acid-base disorders. Advances in Physiology Education 35: 000-000, May 9, 2011.
  • Kamel KS, and Halperin ML. Intrarenal urea recycling leads to a higher rate of renal excretion of potassium: an hypothesis with clinical implications.  Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension.  20: 547-554, 2011.
  • Carlotti APCP, St George-Hyslop C, Guerguerian A-M, Bohn D, Kamel KS, Halperin ML.  Occult risk factor for the development of cerebral edema in children with diabetic ketoacidosis: Possible role for stomach emptying.  Pediatric Diabetes 10: 522-533, 2009.

Hamilton, Jill, MD, FRCPC
Associate Professor, Department of Paediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, University of Toronto
Associate Scientist, Physiology and Experimental Medicine, SickKids Research Institute

Address: The Hospital For Sick Children, Division of Endocrinology
555 University Avenue, Room 5447
Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8T
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
Web site:
416-813-5115    FAX: 416-813-6304
jill.hamilton@sickkids.ca  
www.obesityinyouth.org
Research Interests: My research interests include the clinical and physiologic manifestations of insulin resistance and pancreatic beta cell function in the pediatric age group. Recent studies include:
(i) risk for diabetes and metabolic syndrome and pathophysiologic mechanisms related to the development of hypothalamic obesity in children treated for craniopharyngioma;
(ii) early life risk factors for the development of obesity and diabetes in infants born to women with gestational diabetes;
(iii) incidence and clinical presentation of type 2 diabetes in Canadian children (iv) role of ectopic fat deposition and metabolic consequences in obese children and adolescents
Publications:
  • Rakhshani N., Jeffery A., Schulte F., Barrera M., Atenafu E., Hamilton J.  Evaluation of a comprehensive care clinic model for children with brain tumour and risk for hypothalamic obesity  Obesity 2010 (18): 1768-1774; Epub Jan 7 2010
  • Amed S, Dean H, Panagiotopoulos C, Sellers E, Hadjiyannakis S, Laubscher T, Dannenbaum D, Shah B, Booth G, Hamilton J.  National surveillance for non-type 1 diabetes mellitus in Canadian children: Type 2 Diabetes, Medication Induced Diabetes, and Monogenic Diabetes  Diabetes Care 2010 Apr 33(4):786-91. Epub 2010 Jan 12. 
  • O’Gorman C., Simoneau-Roy J., Pencharz P., MacFarlane J., MacLusky I., Narang I., Adeli K., Daneman D., Hamilton J.  Sleep disordered breathing is increased in obese adolescents with craniopharyngioma compared with obese controls.  J. Clin. Endocrinol Metab. 2010 95(5):2211-8.  Epub 2010 Mar 23

Hanley, Anthony, PhD
Associate Professor, Department of Nutritional Sciences; Department of Medicine; and Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto
Canada Research Chair in Diabetes Epidemiology 
Associate Scientist, Leadership Sinai Centre for Diabetes, Mount Sinai Hospital

Address: 150 College Street, FitzGerald Building, Room 341
Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E2
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
416-978-3616     FAX: 416-978-5882
anthony.hanley@utoronto.ca
Research Interests: Dr. Hanley’s research interests include the metabolic and nutritional epidemiology of type 2 diabetes and related disorders including obesity, insulin resistance, and beta cell dysfunction, as well as the micro-and macro-vascular complications of type 2 diabetes.  His research focuses on diabetes in Aboriginal Canadian communities and other high-risk populations.  Current projects include the Sandy Lake Health and Diabetes Project, the PROMISE study, as well as collaborations with the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study and the Gestational Diabetes and Acute Phase Biomarkers research groups.
Publications:

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Irwin, David M.
Professor, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto

Address: Medical Sciences Building, Room 6207
1 King’s College Circle
Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8
Phone:
E-mail:
Web Site:
416-978-0519
david.irwin@utoronto.ca 
http://icarus.med.utoronto.ca/patho/faculty.asp?FacultyID=159
Research Interests: Research in the Irwin lab focuses on the evolution of genes involved in diabetes.  Many of the genes and proteins (e.g., the proglucagon-derived peptides glucagon, GLP-1, and GLP-2) involved in glucose metabolism are related yet have differing function.  By examining the origin and evolution of these genes we hope to identify portions of the sequences important for their unique functions. We are also interested in role of liver-specific glucokinase in glucose metabolism. 

We are currently using comparative and molecular approaches to identify regulatory sequences essential for regulation of expression, including insulin induction, of the glucokinase gene in the liver.
Publications:

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Jenkins, David J. A., MD, PhD
Professor, Departments of Medicine and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto
Director of Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael’s Hospital

Address: St. Michael’s Hospital Risk Factor Modification Centre
61 Queen Street East
, 6th Floor, Room  6133Q
Toronto, Ontario  M5C 2T2
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
416-867-7475      FAX: 416-867-7495
NutritionProject@smh.ca
Research Interests: Dr. Jenkins research area is the use of diet in the prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemia and diabetes.  He has over 200 original publications on these and related topics.  His team was the first to define and explore the concept of the glycemic index of foods and demonstrate the breadth of metabolic effects of viscous soluble fiber, including blood glucose and cholesterol lowering.  His studies on combining cholesterol lowering food components (dietary portfolio) have been recognized as creating an effective dietary alternative to drug therapy (statins) for many people and was the only dietary approach referenced in the update of the guidelines of the US National Cholesterol Education Program (ATP III). 
Publications:

Jin, Tianru
Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of Toronto

Address: MaRS Centre, Toronto Medical Discovery Tower
101 College Street, Room 10-354
Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7
Phone:
E-mail:
416-581-7670
tianru.jin@utoronto.ca
Research Interests: A) Mechanisms Underlying the Production and Function of the Incretin Hormone GLP-1.  The proglucagon gene (Gcg) encodes three major peptide hormones, namely glucagon (produced in pancreas), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and GLP-2 (both are produced mainly in intestines). These hormones exert opposite or overlapping functions in controlling blood homeostasis, food intake, cell growth and proliferation. Based on the features of GLP-1, two new categories of drugs, namely GLP-1 analogues and DPP-IV inhibitors, have been developed for T2D treatment. We are exploring mechanisms underlying the production and function of peptide hormones encoded by Gcg, including GLP-1. We are now studying the role of Wnt signalling and the crosstalk between Wnt and other signalling pathways in regulating the expression and function of GLP-1.
B) Mechanisms Underlying the Expression and Function of the Lipogenic Gene Carbohydrates Response Element Binding Protein (ChREBP). The transcription factor ChREBP is a “master controller” of lipogenic genes that encode a battery of enzymes for converting carbohydrates into lipids. The function of ChREBP can be turned on by hyperglycemia and its expression was shown to be increased in obesity and hyperinsulinemia animal models. We are studying molecular mechanisms underlying the expression of ChREBP and its targets.
Publications:

Josse, Robert G., BSc, MB, BS, FRCP, FRCPC, FACP, FACE
Professor of Medicine, University of Toronto
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St. Michael's Hospital

Address: St. Michael's Hospital
61 Queen St. East, 6th Floor, Suite 6122
Toronto, Ontario M5C 2T2
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
416-867-7455     FAX: 416-867-3696
josser@smh.toronto.on.ca
Research Interests: Often with an emphasis in clinical nutrition, I have obtained peer review and non peer review grants (mostly Phase II and III pharmaceutically funded multicentre national and international studies) as Principal, Co-principal or Co-investigator. These studies have investigated the effects of various new drugs on diabetes control, hyperlipidemia and prevention and treatment of diabetes complications. I have been particularly interested in the nutritional management of diabetes with other colleagues in the Department of Nutritional Sciences (Jenkins, Wolever). We have promulgated the concept of the glycemic index of foods and the importance of meal frequency as therapeutic principles.
Publications:  

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Kilkenny, Dawn M., PhD
Assistant Professor, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (IBBME); and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto

Address: 164 College Street
407 Rosebrugh
Toronto, ON  M5S 3G9
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
Web site:
416-978-8835     FAX: 416-978-4317
dawn.kilkenny@utoronto.ca 
http://www.ibbme.utoronto.ca/Page359.aspx
Research Interests: My research is focused on expression of Fibroblast Growth Factor receptors (FGFR) in adult beta cells.  Signaling via members of this family of tyrosine kinase receptors is associated with beta cell maintenance and survival.  We previously determined that both FGFR1-expression and -signaling are altered by beta-cell extracellular microenvironment.  We are now investigating the role of the novel kinase-deficient FGFR5 isoform in the regulation of beta-cell FGFR1-signalling.  FGFR5 was originally identified over a decade ago in pancreas and bone, however little is known about its function.  Using insulin-secreting cell lines, we determined expression of FGFR5 both at the cell membrane as well as in association with insulin secretory granules.  Expression of a ‘dominant-negative’ (kinase-deficient) isoform of classical FGFR1, which is similar in structure to FGFR5, has been shown to induce a diabetic phenotype in mice.  Taken together, these data promote our interest in defining the role that FGFRs play in normal beta-cell maintenance and insulin secretion.  We currently examine this receptor signaling system using methods of fluorescence microscopy (live-cell and fixed) both in vitro as well as in vivo (whole islet).  Studies are verified in combination with traditional biochemical techniques.
Publications: N/A

Klip, Amira
Professor, Department of Paediatrics; Department of Biochemistry; and Department of Physiology, University of Toronto
Senior Scientist, The Hospital For Sick Children

Address: The Hospital for Sick Children
McMaster Building, Room 5004
555 University Ave.
Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
Web site:
416-813-6392     FAX: 416-813-5028
amira@sickkids.ca 
The Hospital For Sick Children web site profile
Research Interests: Our research explores how insulin stimulates glucose entry into muscle cells and how this fails in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. We explore insulin signals, movement of vesicles containing glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and strategies to render muscle cells insulin resistant. Using biochemical strategies, single cell imaging and proteomics, we discovered that GAPDH binds to GLUT4 in response to insulin and regulates the transporter activity. We also generated a transgenic mouse expressing a tagged version of GLUT4 in its muscles, useful to test GLUT4 movement in vivo. Recently we found that the saturated fatty acid palmitate renders macrophages (innate immunity cells) inflammatory, to produce cytokines that in turn make muscle cells resistant to insulin. The muscle cells respond by activating stress pathways and altering insulin signalling at the levels of the kinase Akt and the small G protein Rac. Rac controls actin filament remodelling, crucial for GLUT4 vesicle translocation. In 2010 we found that: 1. Rac activates both the complex Arp2/3 to cause actin filament branching and the actin severing protein cofilin, creating a dynamic cycle of actin filament branching and breaking that allows GLUT4 tethering near the membrane. 2. Downstream of Akt lies the protein AS160 that regulates the small G proteins Rab8A and Rab13, to control GLUT4 vesicle arrival near the membrane.  3. Direct activation of an innate immunity recognition receptor in the muscle cells, NOD2, causes insulin resistance. Collectively, these findings will help discover the underlying mechanism of insulin resistance during obesity and its related inflammation.
Publications:

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Lam, Tony K. T., PhD
John Kitson McIvor Endowed Chair in Diabetes Research
Canada Research Chair in Obesity
Associate Director, Research, Banting & Best Diabetes Centre
Associate Professor, Departments of Physiology and Medicine, University of Toronto
Scientist, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network

Address: MaRS/Toronto Medical Discovery Tower
101 College Street, 10th Floor, Room 705
Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
Web sites:
416-581-7880     FAX: 416-581-7880
tony.lam@uhnres.utoronto.ca  
Department of Physiology web site profile 
University Health Network web site profile 
Research Interests: Nutrient sensing in the Gut and the Brain, Diabetes, Obesity, Glucose and Lipid metabolism.
Publications:
  • Lam TK. Neuronal Regulation of homeostasis by nutrient sensing Nat Med. 2010 Apr;16(4):392-5.
  • Lam CK, Chari M, Su BB, Cheung GW, Kokorovic A, Yang CS, Wang PY, Lai TY, Lam TK. Activation of NMDA receptors in the dorsal vagal complex lowers glucose production.  J Biol Chem. 2010 Jul 16;285(29):21913-21.
  • Yang CS, Lam CK, Chari M, Cheung GW, Kokorovic A, Gao S, Leclerc I, Rutter GA, Lam TK. Hypothalamic AMPK regulates glucose production. Diabetes. 2010 Oct;59(10):2435-43.

Law, Marcus, MD, MBA, CCFP
Assistant Professor, Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto
Staff Physician; Postgraduate Family Medicine Site Director; and Director of Medical Education, Toronto East General Hospital

Address: Family Health Centre
840 Coxwell Ave., Suite 105
Toronto, Ontario  M4C 5T2
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
416-469-6580 Ext. 6545     FAX: 416-469-6108
marcus.law@utoronto.ca
Research Interests: Health care provider education of diabetes management and innovation in delivery of primary care chronic disease management, especially diabetes, in an interprofessional setting.
Publications:  

Leiter, Lawrence, MD, FRCPC, FACP 
Professor, Department of Medicine; and Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto
Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, St. Michael’s Hospital

Address: St. Michael's Hospital
61 Queen St. East, Room 6121
Toronto, Ontario M5C 2T2
Phone:
E-mail:
416-867-7441    
leiterl@smh.ca
Research Interests: Dr. Leiter has several research interests including clinical trials on the prevention of atherosclerosis, especially in diabetes, and the dietary and pharmacologic treatment of diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and obesity. He was an investigator in many of the landmark diabetes trials including the DCCT, ACCORD, and ADVANCE and is on the Steering Committees of many ongoing outcome trials in both the diabetes and lipid areas.
Publications:

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Leong-Poi, Howard, MD, FRCPC, FASE
Associate Professor of Medicine, University of Toronto
Clinician Scientist in the Keenan Research Centre at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute
Head, Division of Cardiology, St. Michael’s Hospital
Brazilian Ball Research Chair in Cardiology

Address: St. Michael's Hospital
30 Bond Street, 6-044 Queen Wing
Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
416-864-5642     FAX: 416-864-5989
Leong-PoiH@smh.ca  
Research Interests:

Research interests focus in several key areas:

  1. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound perfusion
  2. Molecular imaging using contrast-enhanced ultrasound and site-targeted microbubbles, in particular to track stem cell therapies.
  3. Small animal echocardiographic imaging of cardiac function
  4. Ultrasound-mediated gene delivery for ischemic cardiovascular disease, for heart failure and diabetic cardiomyopathy, and for anti-tumour therapies.
  5. Stem and progenitor cell therapies for ischemic cardiovascular disease, diabetic cardiomyopathy and heart failure.
Publications:
  • Kuliszewski MA, Kobulnik J, Lindner JR, Stewart DJ, Leong-Poi H. Vascular Gene Transfer of SDF-1 Promotes Endothelial Progenitor Cell Engraftment and Enhances Angiogenesis in Ischemic Muscle. Mol Ther 2011 May;19(5):895-902.
  • Smith AH, Fujii H, Kuliszewski MA, Leong-Poi H. Contrast Ultrasound and Targeted Microbubbles:  Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications for Angiogenesis. J Cardiovasc Transl Res. 2011 May 3. [Epub ahead of print].
  • Tsoporis JN, Izhar S, Leong-Poi H, Desjardins JF, Huttunen HJ, Parker TG. S100B Interaction With the Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (RAGE). A Novel Receptor-Mediated Mechanism for Myocyte Apoptosis Postinfarction. Circ Res. 2010;106(1):93-101.

Lewis, Gary, MD, FRCPC
Professor, Department of Medicine; and Department of Physiology, University of Toronto
Director, Banting & Best Diabetes Centre, University of Toronto
Director, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of Toronto
Drucker Family Chair in Diabetes Research

Address: Office:
Toronto General Hospital
200 Elizabeth St., Eaton Building, Room 12E244
Toronto, ON  M5G 2C4

Lab:
MaRS Centre, Toronto Medical Discovery Tower
101 College St., Room 10-203
Toronto, ON  M5G 1L7
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
Office: 416-340-4270   Lab: 416-581-7487     FAX: 416-340-3314
gary.lewis@uhn.ca
Research Interests: The Lewis lab performs whole body, integrative, physiological studies in humans. The major line of research interest of Dr. Lewis' laboratory is:

a) Determining the mechanism of intestinal and hepatic lipoprotein overproduction in insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes. We perform studies in humans, attempting to determine the molecular mechanisms whereby the liver and intestine overproduce lipoproteins in these conditions. We are currently examining the regulation of intestinal and hepatic lipoprotein particle production by hormones and inflammatory factors in humans, particularly as they pertain to the insulin resistant condition.

b) The effect of free fatty acids on pancreatic beta cell secretory function. In a series of in vivo experiments in humans we have demonstrated 'lipotoxicity' from elevated plasma free fatty acids on pancreatic beta cell function. We are currently examining the role of oxidant stress, ER stress and inflammation in mediating the deleterious effects of lipids on beta cell function.
Publications:
  • Pavlic M, Xiao C, Szeto L, Patterson BW, Lewis GF.  Insulin acutely inhibits intestinal lipoprotein secretion in humans, in part by suppressing plasma free fatty acids. Diabetes 59:580-587, 2010. [2009 Dec 22 Epub ahead of print] 
  • Xiao C, Pavlic M, Szeto L, Patterson B, Lewis GF.  Effects of acute hyperglucagonemia on hepatic and intestinal lipoprotein metabolism in humans Diabetes [Epub ahead of print Oct 27, 2010] (senior responsible author)
  • Xi L, Xiao C, Szeto L, Naples M, Adeli K, Lewis GF. C-reactive protein impairs hepatic insulin sensitivity and insulin signalling in rats: role of mitogen activated protein kinases.  Hepatology [Epub ahead of print Sep 24, 2010] (senior responsible author)

Lipscombe, Lorraine L., MD, MSc, FRCPC
Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine; Department of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto
Research Scientist, Women’s College Research Institute
Adjunct Scientist, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES)
Staff Physician, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Women’s College Hospital

Address: Women’s College Research Institute
741 – 790 Bay Street
Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1N8
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
Website:
416-351-3732 Ext.3701   FAX: 416-351-3746
lorraine.lipscombe@wchospital.ca 
http://www.womensresearch.ca/people/faculty/lipscombe.php
Research Interests: Dr. Lipscombe’s research program is aimed at improving the care and outcomes of persons living with diabetes with a particular focus on women, and targeting special female populations at higher risk for diabetes who would benefit from more focused diabetes prevention strategies. Her specific priority areas of interest include the association between breast cancer and diabetes, pregnancy planning in women with diabetes, post-partum diabetes risk and prevention in women with gestational diabetes, and drug safety in seniors with diabetes.
Publications:

Lowe, Julia, MB.ChBFRCP (UK) M.Med.Sci
Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of Toronto

Address: Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre
Room H145, 2075 Bayview Avenue
Toronto, Ontario  M4N 3M5
Phone/FAX:
E-mail:
416-480-6948     FAX: 416-480-4250
julia.lowe@sunnybrook.ca
Research Interests: I received broad training as a specialist general internal physician, as well as specialty training in endocrinology in the UK. After completing this I went to Australia where I  worked 25 years, first in community practice and then as a staff physician at John Hunter Hospital one of the teaching hospitals for Newcastle Medical school.  I have a Masters in clinical epidemiology.  For 4 years I was the Area Director of Diabetes for the Hunter region of NSW. My research interests are in chronic diabetes in pregnancy and health care delivery for diabetes. My research projects included the HAPO study and the Australian Longitudinal Study in Women’s health, and a survey of Australian women with gestational diabetes.  I also have funding for research into the epidemiology and use of health services by women with diabetes, and follow up of people who have attended diabetes and prediabetes education programmes in the Hunter and to redesign the service provided for young people with Type 1 diabetes in rural areas.  In January 2008 I started work at the University of Toronto where I hold the rank of Associate Professor. Since coming to Toronto I have started a research programme on the management of diabetes in hospital inpatients and collaborated with colleagues in research on diabetes in pregnancy as well as continuing my Australian research.
Publications:
  • Perry L, Steinbeck KS, Dunbabin J Lowe J.  Lost in Transition: Service provision uptake and outcomes: comparing rural regional and metropolitan audit for young people with Type 1 DM.  Medical Journal of Australia 2010;193(8): 444-449
  • Morrison M, Collins C and Lowe J.  Perceived risk of type 2 diabetes in women with a recent history of gestational diabetes mellitus.  Diabetic Medicine 2010:27;882-886
  • Young A, Byles J, DoljaGore X & Lowe J.  Systematically organized care improves outcomes for elderly women with diabetes. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical practice 2010;16:887-894

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